{"id":6301,"date":"2017-12-16T12:27:06","date_gmt":"2017-12-16T14:27:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/controversia.com.br\/?p=6301"},"modified":"2018-09-03T15:24:41","modified_gmt":"2018-09-03T18:24:41","slug":"notas-sobre-capitalismo-e-socialismo-6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/controversia.com.br\/pt\/2017\/12\/16\/notas-sobre-capitalismo-e-socialismo-6\/","title":{"rendered":"Notas sobre capitalismo e socialismo (6)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Wladimir Pomar <\/strong>– Como vimos, em\u00adbora Es\u00adtados Unidos e Brasil sejam pa\u00edses ca\u00adpi\u00adta\u00adlistas, o grau de de\u00adsen\u00advol\u00advi\u00admento de cada um deles \u00e9 con\u00adsi\u00adde\u00adra\u00advel\u00admente de\u00adsi\u00adgual, suas crises es\u00adtru\u00adtu\u00adrais tamb\u00e9m sendo sig\u00adni\u00adfi\u00adca\u00adti\u00adva\u00admente di\u00adfe\u00adrentes. Isso ficou ainda mais evi\u00addente a partir da crise de 2008, na qual ambos ainda est\u00e3o afun\u00addados.<\/p>\n

Os Es\u00adtados Unidos en\u00adcon\u00adtram-se con\u00adfron\u00adtados por uma crise de alto de\u00adsen\u00advol\u00advi\u00admento, no qual o setor fi\u00adnan\u00adceiro de\u00adsem\u00adpenha papel de\u00adci\u00adsivo. Por um lado, pri\u00ado\u00adriza a pro\u00adpri\u00ade\u00addade de t\u00ed\u00adtulos, pa\u00adtentes, di\u00adreitos de pro\u00adpri\u00ade\u00addade in\u00adte\u00adlec\u00adtual, le\u00adtras fi\u00adnan\u00adceiras, e in\u00adves\u00adti\u00admentos es\u00adpe\u00adcu\u00adla\u00adtivos de v\u00e1\u00adrios tipos. Isso lhe per\u00admitiu, se\u00adgundo re\u00adla\u00adt\u00f3rio re\u00adcente da UNCTAD, um brutal au\u00admento de lu\u00adcros ex\u00adce\u00addentes, de 4% dos lu\u00adcros to\u00adtais entre 1995 e 2000, para 23% entre 2009 e 2015. A par\u00adti\u00adci\u00adpa\u00e7\u00e3o das grandes cor\u00adpo\u00adra\u00ad\u00e7\u00f5es em\u00adpre\u00adsa\u00adriais nesses lu\u00adcros passou de 16% para 40%.<\/p>\n

Essa brutal acu\u00admu\u00adla\u00e7\u00e3o ca\u00adpi\u00adta\u00adlista numa fra\u00e7\u00e3o di\u00admi\u00adnuta da so\u00adci\u00ade\u00addade norte-ame\u00adri\u00adcana, por outro lado, con\u00adfronta-se com o cres\u00adci\u00admento da massa de de\u00adsem\u00adpre\u00adgados es\u00adtru\u00adtu\u00adrais, po\u00adbres, mi\u00adse\u00adr\u00e1\u00adveis e de\u00adsen\u00adcan\u00adtados que frag\u00admenta 99% de sua po\u00adpu\u00adla\u00e7\u00e3o. Essa si\u00adtu\u00ada\u00e7\u00e3o j\u00e1 per\u00adversa com\u00adbina baixa de\u00admanda com grandes cortes de in\u00adves\u00adti\u00admentos p\u00fa\u00adblicos nos ser\u00advi\u00e7os so\u00adciais e com cres\u00adcente re\u00adpress\u00e3o aos sa\u00adl\u00e1\u00adrios dos tra\u00adba\u00adlha\u00addores que con\u00adti\u00adnuam em\u00adpre\u00adgados. A re\u00adcente apro\u00adva\u00e7\u00e3o de re\u00adforma no sis\u00adtema tri\u00adbu\u00adt\u00e1rio, pri\u00advi\u00adle\u00adgi\u00adando o em\u00adpre\u00adsa\u00adriado, agra\u00advar\u00e1 ainda mais essa si\u00adtu\u00ada\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

Afinal, quanto mais cresceu a acu\u00admu\u00adla\u00e7\u00e3o de ca\u00adpital, mais in\u00adtensa foi e con\u00adtinua sendo sua ne\u00adces\u00adsi\u00addade de sub\u00adsi\u00addiar as cor\u00adpo\u00adra\u00ad\u00e7\u00f5es em\u00adpre\u00adsa\u00adriais atrav\u00e9s de fi\u00adnan\u00adci\u00ada\u00admentos, elis\u00e3o de im\u00adpostos, pri\u00adva\u00adti\u00adza\u00ad\u00e7\u00f5es de bens p\u00fa\u00adblicos (na ver\u00addade, trans\u00adfe\u00adr\u00eancia de bens e re\u00adcursos p\u00fa\u00adblicos para pro\u00adpri\u00ade\u00adt\u00e1\u00adrios pri\u00advados) e ex\u00adpor\u00adta\u00e7\u00e3o de ca\u00adpi\u00adtais para ou\u00adtros pa\u00edses, seja na forma fi\u00adnan\u00adceira, seja na forma de plantas in\u00addus\u00adtriais seg\u00admen\u00adtadas ou com\u00adpletas.<\/p>\n

Em s\u00edn\u00adtese, quanto maior foi o de\u00adsen\u00advol\u00advi\u00admento tec\u00adno\u00adl\u00f3\u00adgico dos Es\u00adtados Unidos, in\u00adcluindo as ino\u00adva\u00ad\u00e7\u00f5es com pa\u00adtentes que trans\u00adfor\u00admaram os m\u00e9\u00adtodos das fi\u00adnan\u00e7as, do co\u00adm\u00e9rcio e do mar\u00adke\u00adting em sis\u00adtemas ele\u00adtr\u00f4\u00adnicos para elevar os lu\u00adcros ex\u00adce\u00addentes, mais in\u00adtensa foi a de\u00adsin\u00addus\u00adtri\u00ada\u00adli\u00adza\u00e7\u00e3o, mais grave seu de\u00adcl\u00ednio econ\u00f4\u00admico e po\u00adl\u00ed\u00adtico, e mais pe\u00adri\u00adgosa sua perda do papel he\u00adgem\u00f4\u00adnico mun\u00addial, em\u00adbora seu po\u00adderio mi\u00adlitar e nu\u00adclear con\u00adtinue o maior do mundo.<\/p>\n

Tais con\u00adtra\u00addi\u00ad\u00e7\u00f5es foram postas a nu na crise de es\u00adtag\u00adna\u00e7\u00e3o e de re\u00adcess\u00e3o ini\u00adciada em 2008, a crise mais pro\u00adlon\u00adgada e de re\u00adcu\u00adpe\u00adra\u00e7\u00e3o mais lenta da era mo\u00adderna, tor\u00adnando um ver\u00adda\u00addeiro im\u00adbr\u00f3\u00adglio po\u00adl\u00ed\u00adtico as elei\u00ad\u00e7\u00f5es pre\u00adsi\u00adden\u00adciais de 2017.<\/p>\n

Como um re\u00adl\u00e2m\u00adpago em noite es\u00adtre\u00adlada, pri\u00admeiro fi\u00adzeram emergir aber\u00adta\u00admente uma cor\u00adrente so\u00adci\u00ada\u00adlista, capaz de dis\u00adputar a in\u00addi\u00adca\u00e7\u00e3o pre\u00adsi\u00adden\u00adcial dentro do Par\u00adtido De\u00admo\u00adcrata. De\u00adpois, deram ao mundo a opor\u00adtu\u00adni\u00addade de apre\u00adciar de modo ex\u00adpl\u00ed\u00adcito o grau de mis\u00adti\u00adfi\u00adca\u00e7\u00e3o da fa\u00admosa \u201cde\u00admo\u00adcracia ame\u00adri\u00adcana\u201d, na qual so\u00admente dis\u00adputam dois par\u00adtidos e a mi\u00adnoria se so\u00adbrep\u00f5e \u00e0 mai\u00adoria, per\u00admi\u00adtindo a elei\u00e7\u00e3o de um can\u00addi\u00addato com 8 mi\u00adlh\u00f5es de votos a menos do que a con\u00adcor\u00adrente.<\/p>\n

Fi\u00adnal\u00admente, tor\u00adnaram di\u00adri\u00adgente do pa\u00eds uma fra\u00e7\u00e3o po\u00adl\u00ed\u00adtica da grande bur\u00adguesia, de vi\u00e9s na\u00adci\u00adonal-ca\u00adpi\u00adta\u00adlista, que pro\u00adclama sua in\u00adten\u00e7\u00e3o de re\u00adcu\u00adperar a he\u00adge\u00admonia im\u00adpe\u00adri\u00ada\u00adlista uni\u00adpolar, su\u00adbor\u00addinar ainda mais in\u00adten\u00adsa\u00admente os pa\u00edses de\u00adpen\u00addentes e impor aos pa\u00edses ca\u00adpi\u00adta\u00adlistas avan\u00ad\u00e7ados re\u00adla\u00ad\u00e7\u00f5es econ\u00f4\u00admicas pri\u00advi\u00adle\u00adgi\u00adadas (ver dis\u00adcurso de Trump no Jap\u00e3o). Tudo isso tende a agravar as re\u00adla\u00ad\u00e7\u00f5es in\u00adter\u00adna\u00adci\u00ado\u00adnais de forma pe\u00adri\u00adgosa, fa\u00adzendo com que o mundo passe a viver si\u00adtu\u00ada\u00e7\u00e3o ainda mais vo\u00adl\u00e1til do que a que pre\u00adcedeu a Se\u00adgunda Guerra Mun\u00addial.<\/p>\n

Com tudo isso, pode-se afirmar que os Es\u00adtados Unidos apro\u00adximam-se cada vez mais da\u00adquela si\u00adtu\u00ada\u00e7\u00e3o apon\u00adtada por Marx, quase cento e cin\u00adquenta anos atr\u00e1s, se\u00adgundo a qual o de\u00adsen\u00advol\u00advi\u00admento das for\u00e7as pro\u00addu\u00adtivas da so\u00adci\u00ade\u00addade ca\u00adpi\u00adta\u00adlista tende a se elevar a um ponto em que a pro\u00adpri\u00ade\u00addade pri\u00advada se torna um es\u00adtorvo n\u00e3o s\u00f3 para sua pr\u00f3\u00adpria so\u00adbre\u00advi\u00adv\u00eancia, mas tamb\u00e9m para a so\u00adbre\u00advi\u00adv\u00eancia do sis\u00adtema ca\u00adpi\u00adta\u00adlista e de sua po\u00adpu\u00adla\u00e7\u00e3o. O que deve, cada vez mais, co\u00adlocar a quest\u00e3o do so\u00adci\u00ada\u00adlismo como op\u00e7\u00e3o para sair da crise, co\u00adlocar os avan\u00e7os tec\u00adno\u00adl\u00f3\u00adgicos a ser\u00advi\u00e7o da po\u00adpu\u00adla\u00e7\u00e3o, pre\u00adser\u00advando-a dos hor\u00adrores da mi\u00adse\u00adra\u00adbi\u00adli\u00addade e da guerra.<\/p>\n

O Brasil, por sua vez, en\u00adcontra-se con\u00adfron\u00adtado com os efeitos da crise global sobre sua eco\u00adnomia de\u00adse\u00adqui\u00adli\u00adbrada e oli\u00adgo\u00adpo\u00adli\u00adzada, com in\u00adsu\u00adfi\u00adci\u00adentes de\u00adsen\u00advol\u00advi\u00admentos in\u00addus\u00adtrial, ci\u00aden\u00adt\u00ed\u00adfico e tec\u00adno\u00adl\u00f3\u00adgico, e com in\u00adfra\u00ades\u00adtru\u00adturas de trans\u00adportes e de co\u00admu\u00adni\u00adca\u00ad\u00e7\u00f5es dis\u00adformes e caras, su\u00adbor\u00addi\u00adnadas \u00e0 l\u00f3\u00adgica dos oli\u00adgo\u00adp\u00f3\u00adlios es\u00adtran\u00adgeiros. Entre 2003 e 2016 ocor\u00adreram ten\u00adta\u00adtivas de su\u00adperar tais pro\u00adblemas atrav\u00e9s de po\u00adl\u00ed\u00adticas con\u00adci\u00adli\u00ada\u00adt\u00f3\u00adrias e de fo\u00admento da de\u00admanda po\u00adpular, mas elas n\u00e3o su\u00adpor\u00adtaram as ondas des\u00adtru\u00adtivas da crise global, nem a ofen\u00adsiva re\u00ada\u00adci\u00ado\u00adn\u00e1ria de\u00adsen\u00adca\u00addeada pelas di\u00adfe\u00adrentes fra\u00ad\u00e7\u00f5es da bur\u00adguesia.<\/p>\n

Na au\u00ads\u00eancia de re\u00adformas es\u00adtru\u00adtu\u00adrais que le\u00advassem \u00e0 re\u00adcu\u00adpe\u00adra\u00e7\u00e3o do parque in\u00addus\u00adtrial des\u00admon\u00adtado pelo ne\u00ado\u00adli\u00adbe\u00adra\u00adlismo nos anos 1990 e a uma fase con\u00adsis\u00adtente de de\u00adsen\u00advol\u00advi\u00admento econ\u00f4\u00admico e so\u00adcial, a crise global fez com que a eco\u00adnomia bra\u00adsi\u00adleira des\u00adcam\u00adbasse em re\u00adcess\u00e3o e de\u00adsem\u00adprego, pi\u00ado\u00adradas pela ado\u00e7\u00e3o de um pro\u00adgrama de ajuste fiscal que se mos\u00adtrou sui\u00adcida. A bur\u00adguesia, ao aplicar com su\u00adcesso um golpe ju\u00addi\u00adcial-par\u00adla\u00admentar de im\u00adpe\u00addi\u00admento do go\u00adverno co\u00adman\u00addado pelo PT, e ao es\u00adquecer o fra\u00adcasso de sua po\u00adl\u00ed\u00adtica ne\u00ado\u00adli\u00adberal nos anos 1990, lan\u00e7ou-se r\u00e1\u00adpida e so\u00adfre\u00adga\u00admente num pro\u00adgrama ne\u00ado\u00adli\u00adberal ainda mais in\u00adtenso e mais ra\u00addical de des\u00adna\u00adci\u00ado\u00adna\u00adli\u00adza\u00e7\u00e3o, pri\u00adva\u00adti\u00adza\u00e7\u00e3o, de\u00adpen\u00add\u00eancia e su\u00adbor\u00addi\u00adna\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0s grandes cor\u00adpo\u00adra\u00ad\u00e7\u00f5es trans\u00adna\u00adci\u00ado\u00adnais.<\/p>\n

H\u00e1 um in\u00adtenso es\u00adfor\u00e7o do sis\u00adtema de pro\u00adpa\u00adganda da bur\u00adguesia para de\u00admons\u00adtrar que o Brasil est\u00e1 saindo da crise e le\u00advando \u00e0 re\u00adcu\u00adpe\u00adra\u00e7\u00e3o do em\u00adprego por meio da com\u00adpress\u00e3o sa\u00adla\u00adrial, da pri\u00adva\u00adti\u00adza\u00e7\u00e3o das em\u00adpresas es\u00adta\u00adtais e da aber\u00adtura ainda maior, sem qual\u00adquer re\u00adgu\u00adla\u00e7\u00e3o, do mer\u00adcado bra\u00adsi\u00adleiro aos ca\u00adpi\u00adtais es\u00adtran\u00adgeiros. Mas a ex\u00adpe\u00adri\u00ad\u00eancia pas\u00adsada mostra que tal ca\u00adminho \u00e9 sui\u00adcida. Tende a im\u00adplantar um ca\u00adpi\u00adta\u00adlismo ainda mais ca\u00f3\u00adtico, su\u00adbor\u00addi\u00adnado, de\u00adpen\u00addente e des\u00adna\u00adci\u00ado\u00adna\u00adli\u00adzado, cada vez mais oli\u00adgo\u00adp\u00f3\u00adlico, com for\u00e7as pro\u00addu\u00adtivas atra\u00adsadas em termos ci\u00aden\u00adt\u00ed\u00adficos e tec\u00adno\u00adl\u00f3\u00adgicos, e sem qual\u00adquer pro\u00adpor\u00adci\u00ado\u00adna\u00adli\u00addade entre a pro\u00addu\u00e7\u00e3o de bens de pro\u00addu\u00e7\u00e3o (em geral im\u00adpor\u00adtados), bens in\u00adter\u00adme\u00addi\u00e1\u00adrios e bens de con\u00adsumo, in\u00addus\u00adtriais e agr\u00ed\u00adcolas.<\/p>\n

Os in\u00addi\u00adca\u00addores de 2015 j\u00e1 apon\u00adtavam um quadro ca\u00adver\u00adnoso. Mas ele tende a ser pi\u00ado\u00adrado de forma ainda mais veloz com as cha\u00admadas \u201cre\u00adformas mo\u00adder\u00adni\u00adzantes\u201d dos gol\u00adpistas. En\u00adquanto os 50% mais po\u00adbres da po\u00adpu\u00adla\u00e7\u00e3o bra\u00adsi\u00adleira apro\u00adpriam-se de apenas 17,6% da renda ge\u00adrada pelo tra\u00adbalho, os 10% mais ricos apro\u00adpriam-se de 60,7%. O co\u00ade\u00adfi\u00adci\u00adente de Gini, cuja queda in\u00addica uma me\u00adlhoria na in\u00adclus\u00e3o so\u00adcial, voltou a um p\u00e9s\u00adsimo pa\u00adtamar, pr\u00f3\u00adximo ao de 1960.<\/p>\n

Tudo isso in\u00addica, por um lado, que as po\u00adl\u00ed\u00adticas me\u00adlho\u00adristas de 2003 a 2015 n\u00e3o foram ca\u00adpazes de mudar ra\u00addi\u00adcal\u00admente o pro\u00adfundo quadro de atraso econ\u00f4\u00admico e de de\u00adsi\u00adgual\u00addades so\u00adciais, po\u00adl\u00ed\u00adticas e cul\u00adtu\u00adrais da so\u00adci\u00ade\u00addade bra\u00adsi\u00adleira. Por outro lado, que tal quadro deve ser ainda mais agra\u00advado com a re\u00adpe\u00adti\u00e7\u00e3o ra\u00addical da po\u00adl\u00ed\u00adtica ne\u00ado\u00adli\u00adberal dos anos 1990. A cifra de 60 mil mortes anuais por as\u00adsas\u00adsi\u00adnato \u00e9 apenas um dos in\u00addi\u00adca\u00addores mais evi\u00addentes da pro\u00adfun\u00addi\u00addade al\u00adcan\u00ad\u00e7ada pelas con\u00adtra\u00addi\u00ad\u00e7\u00f5es da so\u00adci\u00ade\u00addade bra\u00adsi\u00adleira, dei\u00adxando para tr\u00e1s as mortes em v\u00e1\u00adrios pa\u00edses afun\u00addados em guerras civis.<\/p>\n

Por\u00e9m, di\u00adfe\u00adren\u00adte\u00admente dos Es\u00adtados Unidos, cujo ca\u00adpi\u00adta\u00adlismo pa\u00adrece haver de\u00adsen\u00advol\u00advido as for\u00e7as pro\u00addu\u00adtivas at\u00e9 os li\u00admites de sua ca\u00adpa\u00adci\u00addade de re\u00adpro\u00addu\u00e7\u00e3o am\u00adpliada, no Brasil as for\u00e7as pro\u00addu\u00adtivas ainda est\u00e3o longe de con\u00adfrontar-se com tais li\u00admites. En\u00adquanto l\u00e1 \u00e9 o pr\u00f3\u00adprio sis\u00adtema que est\u00e1 co\u00adlo\u00adcando a bur\u00adguesia contra a pa\u00adrede, aqui \u00e9 a bur\u00adguesia dos pa\u00edses ca\u00adpi\u00adta\u00adlistas avan\u00ad\u00e7ados e a bur\u00adguesia bra\u00adsi\u00adleira ali\u00ade\u00adnada que fun\u00adci\u00adonam como prin\u00adci\u00adpais obs\u00adt\u00e1\u00adculos ao de\u00adsen\u00advol\u00advi\u00admento de seu pr\u00f3\u00adprio sis\u00adtema.<\/p>\n

Ao inv\u00e9s de es\u00adfor\u00e7ar-se para re\u00adcons\u00adtruir um parque in\u00addus\u00adtrial in\u00adte\u00adgrado pelas con\u00adquistas ci\u00aden\u00adt\u00ed\u00adficas e tec\u00adno\u00adl\u00f3\u00adgicas mo\u00addernas (mi\u00adcro\u00ade\u00adle\u00adtr\u00f4\u00adnica, ro\u00adb\u00f3\u00adtica etc.), a bur\u00adguesia na\u00adtiva lan\u00e7a m\u00e3o de re\u00adformas tra\u00adba\u00adlhistas e pre\u00advi\u00adden\u00adci\u00e1\u00adrias ca\u00adpazes de pro\u00adpor\u00adci\u00adonar su\u00adper\u00adlu\u00adcros a se\u00adtores pro\u00addu\u00adtivos pouco di\u00adn\u00e2\u00admicos, a exemplo de ali\u00admentos, ar\u00adte\u00adsa\u00adnato e bens de con\u00adsumo po\u00adpular, nos quais os sa\u00adl\u00e1\u00adrios pesam mais nos pre\u00e7os e, em termos de con\u00adcor\u00adr\u00eancia in\u00adter\u00adna\u00adci\u00adonal, re\u00adpre\u00adsentam o que os es\u00adpe\u00adci\u00ada\u00adlistas chamam de \u201ccom\u00adpe\u00adti\u00advi\u00addade es\u00adp\u00faria\u201d.<\/p>\n

Algo menos ra\u00addical foi re\u00ada\u00adli\u00adzado no pe\u00adr\u00edodo de vi\u00adg\u00eancia plena do ne\u00ado\u00adli\u00adbe\u00adra\u00adlismo do go\u00adverno FHC, entre 1995 e 2002. Na\u00adquela oca\u00adsi\u00e3o, a taxa de de\u00adsem\u00adprego al\u00adcan\u00e7ou mais de 10% e a taxa de cres\u00adci\u00admento foi a menor dos \u00fal\u00adtimos 60 anos do s\u00e9\u00adculo 20. A ba\u00adlan\u00e7a co\u00admer\u00adcial apre\u00adsentou d\u00e9\u00adfi\u00adcits cons\u00adtantes, e o en\u00addi\u00advi\u00adda\u00admento ex\u00adterno e in\u00adterno levou a uma crise que tornou o pa\u00eds ainda mais de\u00adpen\u00addente e su\u00adbor\u00addi\u00adnado \u00e0s po\u00adten\u00adcias ca\u00adpi\u00adta\u00adlistas.<\/p>\n

Ao inv\u00e9s de re\u00addu\u00adzirem os custos da po\u00adpu\u00adla\u00e7\u00e3o e das em\u00adpresas pe\u00adquenas e m\u00e9\u00addias, como pro\u00adme\u00adtido, as pri\u00adva\u00adti\u00adza\u00ad\u00e7\u00f5es ele\u00advaram as ta\u00adrifas de energia, trans\u00adportes e ou\u00adtros ser\u00advi\u00e7os, en\u00adquanto a subs\u00adti\u00adtui\u00e7\u00e3o dos em\u00adpregos for\u00admais por mo\u00adda\u00adli\u00addades pre\u00adc\u00e1\u00adrias de tra\u00adbalho re\u00addu\u00adziram a ca\u00adpa\u00adci\u00addade de compra dos tra\u00adba\u00adlha\u00addores. Pode-se de\u00adduzir da\u00ed que com a ra\u00addi\u00adca\u00adli\u00adza\u00e7\u00e3o da po\u00adl\u00ed\u00adtica ne\u00ado\u00adli\u00adberal deve au\u00admentar a de\u00adpen\u00add\u00eancia, a su\u00adbor\u00addi\u00adna\u00e7\u00e3o e a des\u00adna\u00adci\u00ado\u00adna\u00adli\u00adza\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

Em tais con\u00addi\u00ad\u00e7\u00f5es, a va\u00adri\u00e1vel mais pro\u00adv\u00e1vel para su\u00adperar o ca\u00adminho bra\u00adsi\u00adleiro apa\u00adren\u00adtado ao sis\u00adtema co\u00adlo\u00adnial pode re\u00adsidir numa par\u00adti\u00adci\u00adpa\u00e7\u00e3o mais ativa e di\u00adreta de um Es\u00adtado que tenha o povo como seu prin\u00adcipal ob\u00adje\u00adtivo. O que al\u00adguns ana\u00adlistas est\u00e3o cha\u00admando de \u201cse\u00adguir o exemplo chin\u00eas\u201d, cuja es\u00adtra\u00adt\u00e9gia de de\u00adsen\u00advol\u00advi\u00admento foi bem-su\u00adce\u00addida, tendo por base n\u00e3o a com\u00adpress\u00e3o dos sa\u00adl\u00e1\u00adrios, mas po\u00adl\u00ed\u00adticas econ\u00f4\u00admicas e so\u00adciais de de\u00adsen\u00advol\u00advi\u00admento vi\u00adgo\u00adroso e en\u00adri\u00adque\u00adci\u00admento da po\u00adpu\u00adla\u00e7\u00e3o por ondas.<\/p>\n

Ou seja, n\u00e3o pode ser um Es\u00adtado key\u00adne\u00adsiano, cujo ob\u00adje\u00adtivo re\u00adsida em salvar o ca\u00adpi\u00adta\u00adlismo de seus pr\u00f3\u00adprios ca\u00adpi\u00adta\u00adlistas, como fez Ro\u00ado\u00ado\u00adse\u00advelt nos Es\u00adtados Unidos, du\u00adrante a crise dos anos 1930. Pre\u00adcisa ser um Es\u00adtado que tenha como foco prin\u00adcipal o duplo de\u00adsen\u00advol\u00advi\u00admento das for\u00e7as pro\u00addu\u00adtivas e da me\u00adlhoria das con\u00addi\u00ad\u00e7\u00f5es de vida do pr\u00f3\u00adprio povo.<\/p>\n

Em ou\u00adtras pa\u00adla\u00advras, um Es\u00adtado vol\u00adtado n\u00e3o so\u00admente para re\u00adgular os in\u00adves\u00adti\u00admentos ca\u00adpi\u00adta\u00adlistas, mas que tenha a pro\u00adpri\u00ade\u00addade dos ins\u00adtru\u00admentos es\u00adtra\u00adt\u00e9\u00adgicos de fi\u00adnan\u00adci\u00ada\u00admento e de pro\u00addu\u00e7\u00e3o (bancos, em\u00adpresas in\u00addus\u00adtriais e in\u00adfra\u00ades\u00adtru\u00adtura), ca\u00adpazes de con\u00adcorrer no mer\u00adcado com as em\u00adpresas pri\u00advadas. Isso pelo menos at\u00e9 que o de\u00adsen\u00advol\u00advi\u00admento das for\u00e7as pro\u00addu\u00adtivas es\u00adteja em con\u00addi\u00ad\u00e7\u00f5es de atender a todas as ne\u00adces\u00adsi\u00addades so\u00adciais e tenha re\u00addu\u00adzido con\u00adsi\u00adde\u00adra\u00advel\u00admente a ne\u00adces\u00adsi\u00addade do tra\u00adbalho vivo. O que nos leva a exa\u00adminar o so\u00adci\u00ada\u00adlismo e as ex\u00adpe\u00adri\u00ad\u00ean\u00adcias so\u00adci\u00ada\u00adlistas, prin\u00adci\u00adpal\u00admente aquelas sur\u00adgidas no s\u00e9\u00adculo 20.<\/p>\n

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Wladimir Pomar – Como vimos, em\u00adbora Es\u00adtados Unidos e Brasil sejam pa\u00edses ca\u00adpi\u00adta\u00adlistas, o grau de de\u00adsen\u00advol\u00advi\u00admento de cada um deles \u00e9 con\u00adsi\u00adde\u00adra\u00advel\u00admente de\u00adsi\u00adgual, suas crises es\u00adtru\u00adtu\u00adrais tamb\u00e9m sendo sig\u00adni\u00adfi\u00adca\u00adti\u00adva\u00admente di\u00adfe\u00adrentes. Isso ficou ainda mais evi\u00addente a partir da crise de 2008, na qual ambos ainda est\u00e3o afun\u00addados. Os Es\u00adtados Unidos en\u00adcon\u00adtram-se con\u00adfron\u00adtados por uma […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5549,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[4],"tags":[57,74],"class_list":["post-6301","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teoria","tag-capitalismo","tag-socialismo"],"yoast_head":"\nNotas sobre capitalismo e socialismo (6) - Controversia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/controversia.com.br\/pt\/2017\/12\/16\/notas-sobre-capitalismo-e-socialismo-6\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Notas sobre capitalismo e socialismo (6) - Controversia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Wladimir Pomar – Como vimos, em\u00adbora Es\u00adtados Unidos e Brasil sejam pa\u00edses ca\u00adpi\u00adta\u00adlistas, o grau de de\u00adsen\u00advol\u00advi\u00admento de cada um deles \u00e9 con\u00adsi\u00adde\u00adra\u00advel\u00admente de\u00adsi\u00adgual, suas crises es\u00adtru\u00adtu\u00adrais tamb\u00e9m sendo sig\u00adni\u00adfi\u00adca\u00adti\u00adva\u00admente di\u00adfe\u00adrentes. 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